INTERVIEW QUESTIONS - SEGREGATED BY TOPIC
C# FUNDAMENTALS
Total Questions: 28
1. What is the difference between Abstract class vs Interface?
2. What is Polymorphism? Explain with examples.
3. Explain Encapsulation vs Abstraction.
4. What is the difference between var vs dynamic in C#?
5. Explain the static keyword and static class in C#.
6. Difference between Const vs Readonly.
7. Explain ref vs out keywords.
8. What is Sealed class in C#?
9. What is method signature?
10. What is the Order of constructor execution?
11. What is destructor and how many can be there in a class (only 1)?
12. Why do you need a destructor when GC is there?
13. What happens when constructor is private?
14. If an Abstract class has concrete method so can its child class have same method name and can it modify it?
15. Abstract vs Static class
16. Why abstract class has constructors
17. When to use abstract and when to use interface give real time example in C#
18. Implicit and explicit interface
19. What is default interface and why do we need it?
20. Method overriding with example
21. Method hiding with example
22. Is return type considered in method overloading?
23. Why and when to use method hiding? give real time scenario
24. How to extend a sealed class?
25. What is extension method? Write an example
26. Purpose of the this keyword in extension methods.
27. Write an extension method example.
28. Extension method: given DateTime, return Morning / Afternoon / Evening.
OOPS & DESIGN CONCEPTS
Total Questions: 22
1. Difference between List & Hash table & Dictionary.
2. What is Array & ArrayList?
3. What is Delegate and where have you used it?
4. What is an extension method?
5. Difference between Ref & Out?
6. What is the ASP.Net Page life cycle?
7. How can we maintain cache / cookie in asp.net page?
8. How data can be passed from one controller to another from MVC?
9. Difference between ViewBag & ViewData?
10. Difference between Response.Redirect() & Server.Transfer()?
11. Difference between Middleware & Filters in .NET Core?
12. How the middleware architecture is working like complete end to end process flow?
13. Why are we creating middleware? What's the use of them mainly?
14. Have you used / created custom middlewares?
15. What is short-circuit in middleware?
16. What is the advantage of .net core compared to .net framework?
17. How do we define the scope of an object in .net core?
18. How many ways can we define a dependency injection?
19. How are we defining / managing security for your APIs?
20. How are we generating the JWT token and after that how to validate it?
21. Difference between REST & API?
22. What are the protocols used in REST APIs?
.NET CORE & ASP.NET
Total Questions: 120
1. What is CLR (Common Language Runtime)?
2. Difference between Managed vs Unmanaged code.
3. What are Generics in C#?
4. What are Extension Methods in C#?
5. What are Delegates in C#?
6. Explain the 'using' statement in C#.
7. Difference between IEnumerable vs IQueryable.
8. Explain Garbage Collection in C#.
9. Difference between async/await and Task/Thread.
10. What is Parallel Programming in C#?
11. Explain Middleware in ASP.NET Core.
12. How to create Custom Middleware in ASP.NET Core?
13. Difference between Dependency Injection lifetimes.
14. Explain Authentication vs Authorization.
15. What is JWT (JSON Web Token)?
16. Explain REST API principles.
17. Difference between PUT vs PATCH.
18. How to handle Global Exception Handling in .NET Core?
19. How to secure APIs from common vulnerabilities?
20. What is Kestrel web server?
21. Why Kestrel web server when we have IIS?
22. Explain concept of reverse proxy?
23. What are cookies?
24. What is the need session management?
25. Explain 'HTTP is a stateless protocol'?
26. Are sessions enabled by default?
27. How to enable sessions in MVC core?
28. Are sessions variables shared(global) between users?
29. Do session variables use cookies?
30. Explain idle time out in sessions?
31. What does a Context means in HTTP?
32. When should we use viewdata?
33. How to pass data from controller to view?
34. In same request can viewdata persist across actions?
35. ViewBag vs ViewData?
36. How does ViewBag work internally?
37. Explain viewModels?
38. ViewBag vs ViewModel Whats the best practice?
39. Explain tempdata?
40. Can tempdata persist across action redirects?
41. How is tempdata different from viewdata?
42. If tempdata is read is it available for next request?
43. How to persist tempdata?
44. What does Keep do in tempdata?
45. Explain Peek in tempdata?
46. How is tempdata different from session variables?
47. If i restart the server does tempdata,session stay?
48. Is tempdata private to a user?
49. ViewData vs ViewBag vs Tempdata vs Session variables
50. What is WebAPI?
51. What is the advantage of WebAPI?
52. Explain REST and Architectural constraints of REST?
53. Can we use UDP/TCPIP protocol with Web API?
54. How WebAPI different from MVC controller?
55. What is content negotiations in Web API?
56. WebAPI vs WCF?
57. WCF REST vs WebAPI REST?
58. How to return HTTP status codes?
59. For error which status code is returned?
60. How did you secure your web API?
61. How do current JS frameworks work with webAPI?
62. .NET Core vs .NET Framework differences
63. Difference between .net core and traditional .net
64. Can we implement startup.cs file in .NET 6.0?
65. Dot net core 5.0 vs 6.0
66. ConfigureServices vs Configure method?
67. Explain the importance of Startup.cs file in ASP.NET Core?
68. Where do we store configuration in ASP.NET Core?
69. How can we read configuration file in ASP.NET Core?
70. Explain the various way of doing DI in MVC?
71. Explain Razor pages?
72. How can we pass model data to the view?
73. What is a strongly typed view?
74. Explain the concept of viewModel?
75. Explain kestrel web server?
76. Why kestrel web server when we have IIS?
77. Explain concept of reverse proxy?
78. What is CORS policy?
79. Why CORS no issue in postman but in browser?
80. What is Restful API?
81. Basic REST API principles.
82. SOAP vs REST
83. What is JSON?
84. JSON vs XML
85. POST vs PUT (Do not use records, idempotent)
86. POST vs PUT vs Patch.
87. If We can modify resource via Post call then why we need PUT call?
88. Can GET call have request body?
89. Can we add resource using GET call?
90. What is Content negotiations in Web API?
91. Different Status Code and their usages.
92. Difference between 404 Not Found and 500 Internal Server Error.
93. If REST API is slow what will you do, where will you hunt, how to optimize?
94. What is Api Versioning and its type? How to implement it
95. Return types in .net core?
96. Can we have multiple return types in net core?
97. Different return types in Web API.
98. Difference between Web API and Minimal API.
99. How to implement sorting and paging in .net core?
100. How to implement Authentication/Authorization in dot net core?
101. What is JWT? State its parts. How it is implemented?
102. How did you implement JWT logout?
103. When should we use Openid, Oauth as compared to Custom JWT?
104. How to save sensitive data in database?
105. What are some common encryption techniques?
106. What data encryption techniques you have used in project?
107. Explain API Authorization (JWT / OAuth).
108. How do you revoke tokens with 30-minute expiry?
109. How do you invalidate tokens from UI?
110. If a user logs out from one browser, what happens in another browser session?
111. Encryption vs Hashing – differences and use cases.
112. How do you block specific IPs and where is it configured?
113. How would you design cloud-scale security for billions of users?
114. What is API gateway?
115. What is Rate limiter?
116. Suppose There is a requirement to upload a file with lakhs of records in database from mvc.
117. How to do it so transaction will be faster
118. Can you explain the MVC lifecycle and describe the flow of a request from the browser to the server and back?
119. What is cache management? How can it be implemented in a React front-end application?
120. How do we manage caching in an ASP.NET MVC web application? What about in an ASP.NET Core Web API?
ENTITY FRAMEWORK & ORM
Total Questions: 25
1. What is ORM?
2. Have you used any ORM in your project? Which one?
3. What is Dapper?
4. What is EF core?
5. EF core vs framework?
6. What are navigation property in EF core?
7. How did you implement EF core with relational database?
8. Which approach did you follow in your project?
9. Code first vs Database first?
10. Commands used for code first
11. What are fluent APIs?
12. How do you call a Stored Procedure from EF core?
13. What is lazy loading
14. Eager loading in EF core
15. Tracking and Non Tracking in EF core
16. Can we handle transactions in EF core?
17. What is explicit transaction?
18. When ADO.NET is available, why do we still need to use Entity Framework?
19. Can we use LINQ with ADO.NET?
20. EF Core Fetch by PK: You have DbContext, table Employees. Want employee with Id = 5. How do you do it using EF Core?
21. Select vs Where in LINQ: What is difference between Select and Where in LINQ?
22. Find Method: There is another method called Find. What is it? When use Find vs Where?
23. EF Core Isolation Levels: Entity Framework Core — what are isolation levels supported to interact with database?
24. AsNoTracking: In EF Core, when retrieving data you can use AsNoTracking(). What does that mean? What does it do?
25. Trade-offs between using EF Core versus raw ADO.NET in terms of performance and maintainability.
SQL SERVER
Total Questions: 61
1. Explain Clustered vs Non-Clustered Indexes.
2. What is an Execution Plan in SQL?
3. Difference between UNION vs UNION ALL.
4. Explain Normalization in SQL.
5. What is CTE (Common Table Expression)?
6. What are Stored Procedures vs Functions in SQL?
7. What is SQL Injection and how to prevent it?
8. Explain Triggers in SQL and their types.
9. What is Deadlock in SQL? How to prevent it?
10. What is Normalization and state its form?
11. What is BOYCE CODD normal form?
12. Indexes in SQL
13. Cluster vs Non cluster
14. What is execution plan?
15. Primary vs Unique
16. Union vs Union ALL
17. ISNULL vs Coalesce
18. Truncate vs Delete
19. Table vs Views
20. Stored Procedure vs Function
21. What is CTE?
22. Temporary table vs CTE
23. Temporary table vs Temporary Table variable
24. Sub Queries vs CTE
25. SQL Injection and how will you prevent it?
26. Triggers in sql, purpose?
27. What is Rownumber?
28. Rank vs DenseRank
29. What are Magic tables?
30. What is Deadlock?
31. What is WITH (NOLOCK)?
32. What is isolation level?
33. What is transaction and How to implement it?
34. Merged Statement
35. Send unlimited parameters through stored procedure
36. Difference between SQL vs NoSQL.
37. What is partitioning in NoSQL?
38. Explain primary key and secondary index.
39. How does SQL communication happen internally?
40. Find the Nth salary
41. You have a table named Students with columns StudentID, FirstName, LastName, and Score. Write an SQL query to find the names of students who have the same scores.
42. Window functions
43. Rank, dense rank
44. Indexes & types
45. How many cluster indexes will be there for table
46. CTE vs temp table
47. Scalar Functions - explain the scenario
48. How will you check the query taking time - Execution Plan or SQL Profiler
49. What is Common Table Expression - explain the scenario
50. User Defined Function in SQL
51. Segregate and arrays with 0's and 1's without using sort method
52. select duplicate record from table
53. select Count(*) vs select Count(name) vs select Count(address). Which one is faster?
54. Find max salary from employees
55. Find employees having 2nd highest salary
56. Left join in LINQ with any Method syntax or Query syntax
57. Query for Nth max salary (80% of interviews)
58. Each Dept with max employees
59. Delete duplicate employees
60. Change true to false false to true (vice versa) (use case when and update)
61. Employee with max salary
DESIGN PATTERNS & ARCHITECTURE
Total Questions: 57
1. Sometimes they tell to write code also, Singleton pattern code so try to attempt
2. What is Design Pattern and why do we need?
3. Types of Design Pattern - Creational, Structural, Behavioural
4. Which Design patterns you have used in in your project?
5. Which Design patterns you know?
6. What is Singleton DP? Type down the singleton pattern
7. Connection pooling many answer in singleton but that can be problematic. Especially from DB perspective.
8. Singleton pattern disadvantage
9. Breaking the Singleton using direct references. Iterator, IEnumerable
10. What is Strategy DP?
11. What is Adapter DP?
12. What is Abstract Factory DP?
13. What is Repository DP? list its advantages
14. What is CQRS DP?
15. What are 3 important elements
16. Why is mediatr in CQRS
17. Why CQRS is important in MS.
18. What is event sourcing in CQRS
19. Is SQL server Event source?
20. Have you worked on Clean Architecture?
21. What are Microservices and its advantages and disadvantages?
22. Monolithic vs Microservices
23. Why do we use an API Gateway?
24. What is an API Gateway and how does it work?
25. Difference between rate limiting and load balancing.
26. Where should rate limiting be applied?
27. How do you prevent abuse using rate limiting?
28. How do microservices communicate?
29. How does RabbitMQ communication work?
30. Layer vs Tiered
31. Tier and N tier difference
32. How does one microservice call other microservice internally (Queues, WebAPI)
33. Strategic DDD vs Tactical DDD.
34. Whats a domain and sub domain?
35. Types of sub domain
36. Bounded context, context map and UL.
37. What is a SAGA pattern?
38. What is DDD?
39. What are different classes, Entity, Value objects and Services
40. Aggregate root.
41. CQRS Pattern
42. Repository
43. Queues.
44. Draw infrastructure diagram
45. Project & Architecture (Authenticity Check)
46. Explain your current project end-to-end architecture.
47. Walk through the projects mentioned in your CV with technology justification.
48. What technologies were used and why?
49. Explain the system design of a large-scale platform (e.g., MakeMyTrip / Booking system).
50. Explain all major microservices in an online booking system.
51. Scenario-based questions on online booking system failures.
52. How do you avoid duplicate payments in a booking system?
53. How do you handle fault occurrence in an online booking system?
54. How can an API return the fastest search results in systems like MakeMyTrip?
55. List project layers in a large-scale application (UI, API, Services, Data, Infra).
56. Singleton and pattern used in your project.
57. Any idea regarding NGRX/reduxJs store enabler in angular
SOLID PRINCIPLES
Total Questions: 18
1. What is solid principle and why to implement?
2. State all the principles with example
3. What is Liskovs Substitute Principle, explain with example
4. Difference in Open close and Liskovs principle
5. Diff between Liskov vs ISP?
6. How do you design API for different payment gateway
7. Calculate salary of employee based on grades (strategy pattern)
8. Explain D from SOLID with written example
9. Any design pattern which you have implemented. I explained Singleton.
10. How to pass data between controllers
11. Automapper
12. Bundles.config
13. How to implement caching
14. Difference between list and dictionary
15. How to implement security
16. JWT token
17. Return type in API
18. How to handle exception on application level
ANGULAR
Total Questions: 135
1. Why Angular?
2. Which is the latest version going on?
3. Difference JS and Angular?
4. How to install angular?
5. What is AOT?
6. What are decorators?
7. How do you create a component?
8. How does angular app starts?
9. Package.json vs package.lock.json file?
10. How to download or install other packages?
11. What is angular.json file?
12. What are modules?
13. What is ngModel?
14. What is routing and how it is implemented?
15. Lazy loading in routing?
16. What are directives and its type. Explain with real examples
17. How to create custom Directives?
18. Types of data binding in angular with examples
19. What is string interpollation?
20. Difference between string interpollation and Property binding
21. What is Http Interceptor? How to implement it?
22. What are services in Angular?
23. Dependency injection in Angular
24. Ways to pass data from one component to another?
25. List down all Life cycle hooks in sequence with examples
26. Constructor vs ngOnInit
27. ngOnChanges vs ngDoCheck
28. What is ViewChild?
29. How to create api calls in Angular?
30. What are HTTP filters in Angular?
31. How to add http headers or authorization in post call?
32. What are Pipes and its type?
33. How to create Pipes?
34. Promise vs Observables
35. Observables vs Subject
36. Different Types of Subject
37. Can we do asynchronous programing in Angular? How?
38. How to implement asynchronous programing in Angular?
39. Template driven forms and Reactive forms with their difference
40. What is auth guard in angular?
41. Types of auth guards in angular.
42. What is local storage?
43. Have you used RXJS? why it is used?
44. Give some operators of RXJS
45. What is map operator?
46. What is Template Reference Variable?
47. How to do testing in Angular?
48. State management in Angular
49. Angular new features
50. Difference NG serve and NG-Build
51. Latest Angular version -- and what is new New version
52. Directives, and its Types
53. Decorator
54. Components
55. Modules
56. Template
57. Services
58. Dependency Injection
59. Async Pipe
60. Angular pipe
61. @output
62. @Input
63. View child and view children
64. Angular forms
65. Routing
66. Lazy loading
67. DataBindings
68. observable, observer
69. purpose of rxjs
70. different Rxjs operators
71. Difference between rxjs and promise
72. Explain about angular related task in recent project
73. Difference between Angular 10 & Angular 11
74. Explain about directives in Angular and types
75. Explain encapsulation in Angular
76. Explain Angular controllers
77. Difference between Angular ngOnlnit and ngOnchanges
78. What is string interpolation in angular
79. How to retrieve Data in one tab in another new tab with same browser without new API call?
80. Explain lazy loading in angular. How you will achieve it.
81. input and output parents in angular
82. Difference between observable and promises
83. Different types of directives
84. Angular life cycle hooks
85. Local storage and session storage
86. Angular localization
87. Sessions in Angular
88. Rxjs operator
89. SwitchMap and MergeMap operator
90. Server-side rendering in angular
91. Ways to pass data between components
92. Pipes
93. AOT compiler
94. Angular elements
95. Interceptors
96. How state management Works
97. Difference between session storage and Local storage
98. Mergemap explain
99. How to share data between 2 tabs in browser
100. How data is shared between 2 components
101. What are cookies and how it is created
102. Observables and promises difference
103. Any difficulty in migration from one version of angular to Other
104. dependencies and devdependencies in package.json
105. where angular.json file is intialized
106. What is localstorage capacity
107. module imports, exports, providers
108. actions and reducers
109. where pipes are intialized
110. main.ts purpose
111. angular 13 vs angular 8
112. Can we save error state in ngrx, what if we refresh view.
113. What is the difference between pipe and directive
114. AGgrid
115. What are Reactive forms
116. What is Behavior Subject
117. What is AOT and JIT
118. can we able to increase the capacity of localstorage?
119. What is angular json for?
120. Synchronous and asynchronous
121. Data binding in angular and types
122. Angular 11 features
123. where we configure this angular.json file
124. Changedetection strategy in angular
125. Difference between default and onpush change detection
126. Input and output data transfer between components
127. Css pre-processors
128. Sass vs css
129. Center the div inside div
130. Remove duplicates from the array
131. data binding
132. content projection
133. calculator live coding
134. inlineblock, block difference
135. css grid, flex box difference
AZURE
Total Questions: 70
1. Different types of Azure services.
2. Examples of IaaS, PaaS, SaaS.
3. What is FaaS?
4. What are Azure Functions?
5. How do you deploy Azure Function Apps?
6. How do you deploy applications to cloud platforms?
7. What are the new features in recent .NET versions?
8. What is default namespace in .NET Core?
9. Explain CI/CD pipeline.
10. How do you perform deployment without downtime?
11. Blue-Green vs Canary deployment.
12. How do you troubleshoot production issues?
13. Debugging strategies in live systems.
14. What is Azure App Service and how do you deploy a .NET application to it?
15. What are options to deploy a Web API on Azure? (App Service / AKS / Azure Container Service)
16. Why did you choose App Service to deploy WebAPI?
17. What is the difference between Azure App Service and Azure VM?
18. What is Azure Functions? How is it used with .NET?
19. How will you secure Azure Function?
20. I want to create storage account and function app. I don't want to enable storage account but Azure Function should read data otherwise hacker can tamper storage account.
21. What are durable function apps?
22. Check function app is healthy?
23. I want to receive an email if the function app is failing how do you configure this?
24. What is Azure Key Vault and why is it important?
25. What is Managed Identity in Azure?
26. what is key vault and how to connect kayvault
27. How do you implement CI/CD for a .NET project in Azure?
28. What is Azure Service Bus and how does it work with .NET?
29. What is azure Service bus and how we decide we required queue or topic inside.
30. what is event grid in azure, when we use and why?
31. what is Eventhub xplain with example?
32. What is Data mart?
33. How do you implement Logging and Monitoring in Azure for .NET applications?
34. Azure APIM Questions
35. How do you secure an ASP.NET Core API in Azure?
36. Explain some AI services in Azure?
37. Have you used AKS?
38. How is app insights configured in your ecosystem? Can you see the app insight logs of all of your applications in single place or do I have to go to different URL/Tabs for each of the applications? How do you configure the same?
39. How do you configure the deployment parameters (number of pods/max pods/min pods) for your Web App/API to be deployed to App Service? Do I need to have separate configuration for each of the WebApp/API or can I configure all the apps from single configuration?
40. How to connect and use azure storage account into your .net application?
41. How to use azure key vault?
42. How to fetch values from key vault?
43. How web api is different from azure functions? If both are same why do we need azure functions?
44. When to store key value in appsettings and when to store it in key vault?
45. How to access key vault?
46. Function apps vs App Services
47. Authentication Approach - AD
48. What is JWT
49. OAuth 2.0 vs Open ID
50. While doing the API Authentication, Client Credential Flow
51. Type of Identities, System based Identify, Managed Identify and User Identify
52. I have a .NET Web API I want to consume SQL Server and I want to Consume Blob Storage, In Azure how the integration looks like
53. I have a background job which is recurring, what are the different ways to Do, for daily notifications
54. Web Jobs
55. Can I do 2 webjobs in same app Service Plan?
56. How will you decide I need a separate App Service Plan, looking at scalability or availability
57. How will you track the issues when it raised in Functions, app Services or etc.. - About Application Insights
58. Have you worked on Azure Monitor - to track the issues which are attached to Application Insights
59. Publisher/Subscriber Pattern, How will you identify or track of where is my application, what is my end point and how will you approach.
60. Did you work on Queues like Service Bus or Storage account queues - Explain me the scenario
61. I am using the single Topic in SB and multiple subscriber, I want to trigger based on a Field as the parameters in Topics are same how would I achieve that
62. If you read the queue, how should we process at code level, how ServiceBusQueue class works, DeadLetter Queue or some other concepts in SB works at Code level, explain?
63. On how many ways you can trigger the Service Bus explain
64. From .NET I wanted to access the KeyVault - How do I implement it. Explain Class Level
65. AKS: Have you deploy yourself or DevOps Team, How did you do, Helm Files, Ingress Configuration, Configuration Service Files, CI/CD, etc..
66. ACR - what is use of it and explain - Mostly used for storing the docker image
67. Container and Pod - Difference
68. Helm Charts - What do Helm Chart do. Why do we need
69. What CLI you use to test HelmChart in Local machine - Is it with Docker or something else
70. Any Experience on Creating VNET or any Networking Concepts
DEVOPS & CI/CD
Total Questions: 29
1. Explain CI/CD pipeline.
2. How do you perform deployment without downtime?
3. Blue-Green vs Canary deployment.
4. How do you troubleshoot production issues?
5. Debugging strategies in live systems.
6. How to implement CI/CD for a .NET project in Azure?
7. What is deployment process you are following?
8. How you performing code coverage check?
9. Explain CI/CD
10. YAML file and versioning in Azure repos.
11. Understanding the 'No hosted Parallelism Error' in Azure DevOps.
12. Understanding Self hosted agent and Agent pools.
13. Running, Downloading, Extracting agents, Running Config & Entering PAT.
14. Assigning Self hosted agents in YAML Pipeline.
15. Running YAML pipeline with Self hosted agents.
16. Definition and Acronym of YAML.
17. YAML basics name/value, space indented, Nested objects & Hyphens.
18. Understanding Azure DevOps YAML structure (Steps and Tasks).
19. Practicing Pipeline UI:- Recent, All, Runs, Editing and seeing details.
20. Updating YAML with publish task.
21. Running the pipeline and checking the artifact
22. Drop folder, Extracting artifact, viewing the compiled binaries.
23. Manual Review (Installing IIS and publishing the ASP.NET app)
24. Creating the release pipeline.
25. Understanding Deployment groups.
26. Creating a deployment groups using PowerShell scripts.
27. Creating release pipelines understanding stages.
28. Running the release pipeline and deploying.
29. Revising the complete Azure DevOps Cycle.
CODING PROBLEMS
Total Questions: 70
1. Finding two numbers in an array that add up to a target
2. Reverse word in a string
3. Reverse Array
4. Find occurrence of each character in a given string
5. Move 0's to end of the array
6. Find the First Non-Repeating Character
7. Remove Duplicates from a String
8. Reverse a String
9. Swapping two number
10. Extract the surname
11. Check if a String is a Palindrome
12. Find the Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters
13. Remove All White Spaces from a String
14. Find the Longest Palindromic Substring
15. Can you write a code on Boxing and Unboxing in C#?
16. int[] GivenArray = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }; //Print Output-> //1 2 3 4//5 6 1 2
17. Left/Right rotate an array by K places.
18. Prime numbers
19. Factorial using recursion
20. Find max number in Array.
21. Fibonical series - output = 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
22. Basic Star pattern examples
23. input - ab+cde+** output - ((a+b)(c(d+e)))
24. What is the next number: 1, 3, 7, 13----
25. Anagram code
26. Remove duplicate from list
27. Reverse string
28. Two pointer approach for array problems
29. Merge two sorted arrays.
30. Find duplicate in array.
31. Implement caching in API.
32. Write async API method with proper error handling.
33. Write a recurcsve fumction to find factorial of a posetive intiger.
34. write Add method : int a=1; int b=2,int c=3; print like thids : Console.WriteLine(a.ADD(b).Add(c));
35. write a single function without having nullable,optional and parametrr . int a=1; int b=2; int c=3; int d=4; print: Console.WriteLine(Add(a,b); print: Console.WriteLine(Add(a,b,c); print: Console.WriteLine(Add(a,b,c,d);
36. given sentence and asked to reverse letters in a word without changing the order of words in the sentence
37. Count the occurence of letters in a string
38. You're given a date string like: '??-??', '?1-3?', '02-??' Format: 'MM-DD' ? can be replaced with any digit (0–9) You must return the latest valid date If impossible → return 'xx-xx'
39. You can remove from an array: First two → A[l] + A[l+1] Last two → A[r-1] + A[r] First & last → A[l] + A[r] All moves must produce same sum S Return max number of moves
40. Maximize Income: Given an array of prices [4, 1, 2, 3] and starting with one asset, what is the maximum income? Constraint: If the calculated maximum income is 2,999,999,998, what value should the function return? Complexity: What is the ideal Time Complexity for finding the maximum income in an array of 200,000 elements?
41. Flight journey problem, what is the maximum number of plane changes allowed?
42. If Flight A lands at 10:30 and Flight B departs from the same airport at 10:30, is the plane change valid?
43. Given a string 'ABC', generate all combinations and permutations. Example: ABC, BCA, CAB, AB, BC, AC
44. What will be the output? class A { public void Display() { Console.WriteLine('A'); } } class B:A { public void Display() { Console.WriteLine('B'); } } B b = new A(); b.Display(); A a = new B(); a.Display();
45. Sort the array Input: {4,0,7,5,2,8,0,0,0} Output: {0,0,0,0,4,7,5,2,8}
46. Write a program to find duplicate characters in a string
47. What is Concurrent Programming?
48. What is GraphQL and why is it used?
49. Explain CI/CD
50. Differences: .NET 6 vs .NET 8, var vs dynamic, Task vs Thread, async vs await
51. Explain: static class, middleware (ASP.NET), temp table Can temp tables be used in: functions, triggers
52. How to handle exceptions in: C#, React, SQL
53. REST API vs traditional API
54. How to implement API versioning
55. ASP.NET Filters
56. Can we create custom middleware? If yes, how?
57. Alternative for useEffect in React
58. Write a method: public static string MergeStrings(string s1, string s2)
59. Find Nth highest Salary
60. Find count of employees having 2nd highest salary in each department.
61. Find the Employee's Manager in the same table.
62. select Count(*) vs select Count(name) vs select Count(address). Which one is faster?
63. Find max salary from employees
64. Find employees having 2nd highest salary
65. Left join in LINQ with any Method syntax or Query syntax
66. CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX vs CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX
67. Find the 555554444333221 pattern
68. Join two collections using left join
69. Most occuring char( interviewer itself don't know when I asked the logic)
70. Select dept with maximum employees
JAVASCRIPT & REACT
Total Questions: 27
1. difference in reassign and redeclaration
2. var vs let vs const
3. types of object creation in js
4. what is hoisting concept in js?
5. what do you mean by temporal dead zone?
6. what is closure in js?
7. what is a prototype?
8. what is spread operator?
9. what is rest operator?
10. Difference between spread and rest operator
11. splice vs slice
12. What is arrow function?
13. what is anonymous function?
14. What is array and its types?
15. How to flatten multi-dimentional array?
16. = vs == vs === state the name of operators and explain the use
17. What will be the output? console.log(true + 1) console.log(1 + '2') console.log('2' + 1)
18. What will be the output? let c; console.log(a); console.log(b); console.log(c); var a; let b;
19. How will pass data from parent to child component?
20. what is state and props?
21. if UI page is loading very slowly what are steps you will take to increase page loading speed?
22. what is code splitting?
23. what is redux?
24. what is Context Api?
25. How will increase performance in angular application?
26. If there is case of bulk upload photos/videos, what will be your approch?
27. If you find slowness in angular application how will you optimize it?
SYSTEM DESIGN & ARCHITECTURE
Total Questions: 27
1. What's your design strategy to design K8 which is deployed into your VNet, like, how many node pools you have and how many microservices you have and how you design that to be deployed into the K8.
2. One pod can have multiple containers. Can a pod have different containers of different types?
3. whenever the request comes from outside the world, right, from HTTP, from mobile, whatever it is, it comes to ingress and ingress routes the traffic to the appropriate service.
4. Do you know how a pod connects to a storage account, Azure storage account, or maybe a key vault? How it connects?
5. for microservices, do you think solid principles are applicable?
6. Do you know sidecar design pattern? Sidecar?
7. Do you know Docker containers? how to create a container and all?
8. So, how do you select an image? We, we pull the images, no? Docker pull images, right? No, no, I mean, I mean, what's, what's the criteria to select an image?
9. How do you approach to break down your project and the designing part of it? Like, how you design the solutions?
10. So, how you define the bounded context, like, if there are overlaps, then how will you take care of this?
11. So, if there are overlaps, so, we will have a database, okay, a common database, okay, to take care of that, right, like, that we call the event sourcing, correct, eventual consistency.
12. Can you explain, like, from practical standpoint, how you implement saga pattern.
13. So, basically, saga pattern is to take care of distributed transaction, right.
14. From practical standpoint, can you explain how many services you will create? Will saga be a different service, or it will be embedded into your, any of the microservice, then how will you compensate it from practical standpoint?
15. So, where saga sits, basically, first of all?
16. Yeah. So, where that logic will be implemented?
17. Let's say, one service is inter-service communication. We are calling one service to another service, then another service to, from the same service, we are calling multiple service. So, there, we will implement saga pattern.
18. So, at every places where the communication happens, you will implement saga? So, who is responsible for implementing the saga, the consumer or the producer, or who is responsible?
19. Okay. And can you explain event sourcing? You just momentarily talked about event sourcing.
20. Okay. So, how do you connect your .NET Core Web API to any Azure resource which is protected? Azure resource which is protected? Protected in the sense? It's private, basically. It's private, not available over the internet.
21. let's say, I want to manage my SQL connections efficiently, I mean, your .NET Core Web API app is creating SQL connections whenever there is a request and there are high volume of traffic that is coming in and due to that, it is instantiating so many SQL connections.
22. Right. So, basically we have to manage that. Connection pool, we can manage, right? We can set a limit in the connection pool, like this 20, 30, 40, whatever it is and then whatever the extra request will come, we will reject it.
23. No, we can't reject, we have to serve every request. Okay. So, there is a, okay, there is a pattern, CQRS pattern, okay.
24. you have integrated Azure OpenAI into your project, so, what was the use case?
25. Do you know spec-driven development?
26. How would you design and build a TinyURL/ShortURL application in a pure on-premise environment, where each customer receives a unique short link? Explain the overall architecture, database design, scalability, security, and the approach used to generate unique short URLs.
27. Interviewer asked about RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) and the AI/ML algorithms used in enterprise applications, including embedding models, vector search, similarity algorithms, and on-premise RAG architecture.
BEHAVIORAL & HR QUESTIONS
Total Questions: 89
1. Tell me about yourself
2. Intro, roles & responsibilities
3. Project & tech stack
4. Tell about current project, tech stack, what modules you worked on
5. Open note pad & Write a controller & show how you implemented repository pattern using DI and entity framework
6. Explain roles and responsibilities in your project
7. High level design of the project and questions on the project architecture
8. Design patterns used in your project and explain about them
9. Difference between .net core and traditional .net
10. Please add questions in this list on .net core
11. Brief your technical exposure and recent projects at a high level.
12. How many microservices do you have and what does each one handle?
13. Does each microservice have its own database or do they share one?
14. Why are you directly querying the DB instead of calling the API of that service?
15. Could you replicate or cache the master data in the dependent service to avoid cross-DB joins?
16. What about using Redis cache for master data instead of direct DB joins?
17. Which message broker are you using for inter-service communication?
18. Explain how Azure Service Bus works — publisher, consumer, retry, and dead-letter queue.
19. Do you have experience with other message brokers like RabbitMQ or Kafka?
20. What authentication mechanism does your application use?
21. What is your experience working directly with Azure AD / Entra ID?
22. Walk through the authentication flow — how does a user log in and get a token?
23. Do you have an API Gateway in place for cross-cutting concerns like auth, routing, and rate limiting?
24. What is a DDOS attack and how would you mitigate it at the API level?
25. How is your application deployed — AKS, App Service, or something else?
26. Do you understand how Kubernetes works — pods, nodes, services, ingress controller?
27. In a Kubernetes deployment how does service discovery work?
28. Do you know the OAuth 2.0 Authorization Code Flow and PKCE Flow — what is the difference?
29. What are the minimum configurations needed to register a client application with Azure AD?
30. What are the 3 parts of a JWT token and what is the role of each part?
31. From the API side how do you validate a JWT token — what specific claims do you check?
32. What is a resource leak?
33. Why should we use using keyword in C#?
34. What is a race condition in banking transactions?
35. Why should we use database transactions?
36. Show total balance across accounts for each customer.
37. How to optimize query for latest transaction per account?
38. Tell me about a time when you handled a conflict in your team and what exactly you did to resolve it.
39. How do you manage multiple projects at the same time and ensure deadlines are met?
40. What would you do if your team member is not performing or contributing properly?
41. Back then (around 5 years ago), they asked me — Tell me about a time when you handled a conflict in your team and what exactly you did to resolve it.
42. I still remember one question — How do you manage multiple projects at the same time and ensure deadlines are met?
43. Another one they asked me in that managerial round was — What would you do if your team member is not performing or contributing properly?
44. Decision making
45. Trade-offs
46. Scalability thinking
47. Debugging mindset
48. Could you share your experience working with RESTful APIs in a project environment?
49. How did you ensure the quality and reliability of both API development and integration with front-end components?
50. Difference between .NET Framework and .NET Core vs .NET 6+ (modern .NET)?
51. Explain middleware pipeline in ASP.NET Core.
52. How does dependency injection work internally in .NET Core?
53. Explain filters in ASP.NET Core (Authorization, Action, Exception)
54. How do you design a scalable REST API?
55. How do you handle global exception handling?
56. How do you implement authentication & authorization (JWT)?
57. How do you secure APIs from common vulnerabilities?
58. How do you implement retry policies for transient failures using Polly in .NET Core apps?
59. What are the trade-offs between using EF Core versus raw ADO.NET in terms of performance and maintainability?
60. How do you support asynchronous messaging between microservices using tools like RabbitMQ or Kafka in ASP.NET Core?
61. Could you enlighten me on the strategies you would employ for inter-service communication in microservices built with ASP.NET?
62. Can you describe the process of query tuning in SQL Server and tell me when it's needed?
63. How would you approach partitioning of large tables for performance and maintenance in SQL?
64. Can I do 2 webJobs in same app Service Plan?
65. How will you decide I need a separate App Service Plan, looking at scalability or availability?
66. How will you track the issues when it raised in Functions, app Services or etc.. - About Application Insights
67. Have you worked on Azure Monitor - to track the issues which are attached to Application Insights?
68. Dependency Injection - Types.. Scoped, Single and Transient
69. How will you handle the CORS Issues?
70. API End point is consumed by Multiple Applications, How do you manage (Question is related to APIM)?
71. I don't want to write code but I want to validate each request - how can I do in APIM?
72. Did you work on Middleware - Explain me the scenario
73. How Middleware Executes in a scenario of API Execution to check the Authentication and Authorisation before hitting the Web API
74. Difference between Sync and Async - give example scenario
75. Can we use Async without await?
76. I have my Web API I wanted to call an external API - wait once the things done and I wanted to put in a queue base don the response for the further process, what should I Do?
77. What is the concept of concurrent list and normal list?
78. Different between .Result vs ConfigureAwait
79. If want to connect to SQL what are all the possible approaches are there. ADO.NET, ORM Frameworks etc..
80. How do we scale the database when the application is scaling?
81. How will you ensure Connection Pooling?
82. While doing the load testing we simulate the Pooling what type of issues we will face mostly?
83. Have you use LINQ?
84. IEnumerable or IQueryable - what is the difference between and when to use?
85. SQL Server - what did you work and explain.
86. How will you check the query taking time - Execution Plan or SQL Profiler?
87. For Unit Testing what Tools you used for API's - NUnit, XUnit, and MSTest
88. GitHubCopilot - any Specific things to define?
89. CQRS and Mediator Design patterns - Explain
AI & ML
Total Questions: 13
1. What is AI Training at a high level?
2. Difference between training vs inference.
3. What is an LLM and How Does It Work?
4. Generative AI vs. LLMs
5. AI Development in .NET
6. What is ML.NET?
7. Leveraging Azure AI Services in .NET
8. How to Train an AI Model
9. Explain Al integration in your project
10. How to call an Al API in .NET
11. What is Prompt Engineering
12. Design Al-powered chatbot in .NET
13. Chatbot giving wrong answers - how to fix
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